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Reports

45 result(s) found

Evaluating the effects of policy innovations: Lessons from a systematic review of policies promoting low-carbon technology

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English
Authors:
Graeme Auld,
Alexandra Mallett,
Bozica Burlica,
Francis Nolan-Poupart,
Robert Slater

We report on an original systematic review of 165 empirical, ex post studies examining policies that promote the development and use of low-carbon technologies. Policy is defined broadly to include diverse instruments (e.g., eco-labels, voluntary agreements, emission credits, and taxes), developed, administered, and promoted by state and non-state actors (e.g., cities, states, corporations, business associations, and non-governmental organizations) that are relevant to climate change.

Developing a methodology for the ex-post assessment of Building Energy Efficiency Special Planning in Beijing during the 12th Five-Year Plan” period

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English
Authors:
Yuming Liu,
Tingting Liu,
Binyu Wang,
Minghui Xu

In order to carry out an ex-post assessment of the completed Building Energy Efficiency Special Planning, a comprehensive ex-post assessment methodology is established. The methodology sets out the ex-post assessment criteria from three dimensions and 27 indexes, and apply the Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Method to build the ex-post assessment model. Applying the methodology, this research assesses the effectiveness of the Building Energy Efficiency Special Planning in Beijing during the “12th Five-Year Plan” period.

Analysis and recommendations for building energy efficiency financing in Malaysia

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English
Authors:
Kevin Hor,
Mohd Khairil Rahmat

This paper provides an overview of the Malaysian Energy Efficiency regulatory framework as well as current financing and incentive mechanisms available to the building sector. The review has found that some of the existing financing schemes have been successful while others could leverage on other existing schemes to improve its effectiveness. The review will explore the strengths and gaps of the available schemes and will propose some ways to increase the uptake up rate of the schemes.

System dynamics modeling for urban energy consumption and CO2 emissions: A case study of Beijing, China

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English
Authors:
Y.Y. Feng,
S.Q. Chen,
L.X. Zhang

It is clear that city must be part of the solution if an urbanizing world is to grapple successfully with ecological challenges such as energy depletion and climate change. A system dynamics model was developed in this study using STELLA platform to model the energy consumption and CO2 emission trends for the City of Beijing over 2005–2030. Results show that the total energy demand in Beijing is predicted to reach 114.30 million tonnes coal equivalent (Mtce) by 2030, while that value in 2005 is 55.99 Mtce, which is 1.04 times higher than the level in 2005.

Cost optimal building performance requirements

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English
Authors:
Thomas Boermans,
Kjell Bettgenhäuser,
Andreas Hermelink,
Sven Schimschar and other Ecofys international staff

In the recast Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) adopted in May 2010, a benchmarking mechanism for national energy performance requirements was introduced. The purpose of this is to determine cost-optimal levels to be used by Member States for comparing and setting these requirements. The previous EPBD (from 2002) set out a general framework to assess the energy performance of buildings and required Member States to define maximum values for energy delivered to meet the energy demand associated with the standardised use of the building.

The impact of policy on residential energy consumption

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English
Authors:
Erdal Aydin,
Dirk Brounen

Due to the growing concerns about global climate change and energy dependence, many countries have introduced regulations targeting the energy efficiency of the residential sector. However, whether these policies have been effective in reducing the total residential consumption of energy is still unclear. In this paper, we analyze the impact of residential energy efficiency policies on household energy consumption across Europe for the period 1980–2016.

Flexibility versus certainty: The experience of mandating a building sustainability index to deliver thermally comfortable homes

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English
Authors:
Stephen Berry,
Trivess Moore,
Michael Ambrose

Globally, building energy regulation has been an effective policy instrument for reducing energy use and carbon emissions. In Australia, the majority of regions address building performance through the National Construction Code. However, in 2004 the New South Wales government introduced a planning instrument called the ‘Building Sustainability Index’, known as BASIX. Until now there has been limited investigation of this sustainability index approach compared with addressing issues individually through building standards.

The Macroeconomic and Other Benefits of Energy Efficiency

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English
Authors:
Eva Alexandri,
Piet Boonekamp,
Unnada Chewpreecha,
Antonio De Rose,
Roel Drost,
Laurent Estourgie,
Cyrus Farhangi,
Daniël Funcke,
Sanna Markkanen,
Guido Moret,
Hector Pollitt,
Caroline Rodenburg,
Felix Suerkemper,
Sacha Tensen,
Perrine Theillard,
Johannes Thema,
Paul Vethman,
Florin Vondung,
Monique Voogt

This report sets out the positive and negative impacts of improvements in energy efficiency in buildings that could come about through a recast of the Energy Performance Buildings Directive (EPBD). Successive studies have shown that energy efficiency offers many of the most cost-effective options for meeting global emission targets. In many cases, energy efficiency measures have been shown to be ‘negative cost’, meaning that it would be economically advantageous to implement them.

A global review of energy consumption, CO2 emissions and policy in the residential sector (with an overview of the top ten CO2 emitting countries)

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English
Authors:
Payam Nejat,
Fatemeh Jomehzadeh,
Mohammad Mahdi Taheri,
Mohammad Gohari,
Muhd Zaimi Abd. Majid

Climate change and global warming as the main human societies’ threats are fundamentally associated with energy consumption and GHG emissions. The residential sector, representing 27% and 17% of global energy consumption and CO2 emissions, respectively, has a considerable role to mitigate global climate change. Ten countries, including China, the US, India, Russia, Japan, Germany, South Korea, Canada, Iran, and the UK, account for two-thirds of global CO2 emissions.

Transition to Sustainable Buildings: Strategies and Opportunities to 2050

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English
Authors:
IEA

Buildings are the largest energy consuming sector in the world. Accounting for over one-third of total final energy consumption, they are an equally important source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Achieving significant energy and emissions reduction in the buildings sector is a challenging but achievable policy goal. Transition to Sustainable Buildings presents detailed scenarios and strategies to 2050 and demonstrates how to reach deep energy and emissions reduction through a combination of best available technologies and intelligent public policy.

The path towards buildings energy efficiency in South American countries

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English
Authors:
Fabiana Silvero,
Fernanda Rodrigues,
Sergio Montelpare,
Enrico Spacone,
Humberto Varum

Nowadays, energy efficiency (EE) is presented as a reliable strategy towards sustainable development, but its application has not been developed equitably worldwide, since most EE policies have been implemented in industrialised nations, and developing countries are still in the process of improving their EE levels.

Focused acceleration: A strategic approach to climate action in cities to 2030

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English
Authors:
Desiree Bernhard,
Michele Bertoncello,
Alex Brotschi,
Lia Cairone,
Ricardo Cepeda-Márquez,
Robert Cervero,
Flavio Coppola,
David Craven,
Andrea Fernandez,
David Frankel,
Bhavin Gandhi,
Anna Gressel-Bacharan,
Clare Healy,
Max Jamieson,
Laura Jay,
Sean Kane,
Kate Laing,
Nicholas Laverty,
Julia Lipton,
Timo Möller,
Eric Morden,
Jesse Noffsinger,
Dickon Pinner,
Angelos Platanias,
Matt Rogers,
Josh Rosenfield,
Caterina Sarfatti,
Lucila Spotorno,
Zachary Tofias,
Andreas Tschiesner,
Helga Vanthournout,
Amy Wagner,
Caroline Watson,
Jonathan Woetzel,
Katherine Wolosz,
and Hong Xia

There is now widespread recognition in the international community that the commitments made by national governments under the Paris Climate Agreement in 2015 cannot be achieved without concerted action by cities. Fortunately, many mayors have shown strong commitment to tackling climate change and a willingness to collaborate to achieve this goal.

The impact of climate variability and change on the energy system: A systematic scoping review

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English
Authors:
Nnaemeka Vincent Emodi,
Taha Chaiechi,
A.B.M. Rabiul Alam Beg

The energy system is a vital infrastructure which can be vulnerable to climate variability and change (CV&C) impacts. Understanding the impacts can prevent disruption and inform policy decision making. This study applied a scoping review in a systematic manner following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines to identify consistent patterns of CV&C impacts on the energy system, map and locate research gaps in the literature. A total of 176 studies were identified as eligible for inclusion in the review.

Unlocking the Inclusive Growth Story of the 21st Century: Accelerating Climate Action in Urgent Times

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English
Authors:
The New Climate Economy

Pricing carbon and moving toward mandatory disclosure of climate-related financial risks, as part of a broader policy package. Accelerating investment in sustainable infrastructure, supported by clear national and sub-national strategies and programmes. Harnessing the power of the private sector, including to unleash innovation and advance supply chain transparency. Ensuring a people-centred approach, such that the gains are shared equitably and the transition is just.

German and Norwegian policy approach to residential buildings’ energy efficiency—a comparative assessment

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English
Authors:
Gloria Amoruso,
Natasha Donevska,
Gunstein Skomedal

The paper answers three research questions: (1) Which policies prevail in Germany and Norway to foster the deployment of energy efficient and decarbonized solutions for residential buildings? (2) How do these policies respond to country-specific barriers to the energy transition in the building sector, and (3) What effects do they have on the actual implementation of technological and societal solutions?

Key Issues in Buildings Energy Efficiency Programs

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English
Authors:
Charles P. Ries,
Joseph Jenkins,
Oliver Wise

The EU and Australia have instituted significant new public policies to promote energy efficiency in the “built environment.” Many of these public policies were motivated by the same concerns that led to the pioneering voluntary initiatives of Green Building Councils (especially the LEED design certification program) and the U.S. Department of Energy’s ENERGY STAR system for buildings. However, policy initiatives on both continents are relatively new, have been recently modified, and are yet to be finalized.

Handbook of Sustainable Building Policies

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English
Authors:
Benigna Boza-Kiss,
Sergi Moles-Grueso,
Ksenia Petrichenko

A practical decision support pack to aid policy makers and experts in developing countries. The objective of the Sustainable Building Policies in Developing Countries (SPoD) project is to enable authorities at national and local levels to analyse existing policies affecting the building sector, and to identify packages of policy instruments for sustainable buildings, which can be adapted to fit local conditions.

SCALING UP DEEP ENERGY RENOVATION: UNLEASHING THE POTENTIAL THROUGH INNOVATION and INDUSTRIALISATION

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English
Authors:
Maarten de Groote,
Marianne Lefever,
Julia Reinaud,
Patty Fong,
Yamina Saheb,
and Oliver Rapf

The European construction industry, like many others, is confronted by an economy that isundergoing a highly significant change, shaped by megatrends such as greater urbanisation,disruptive new technologies and digitalisation, globalised value chains and sustainability.At the same time, the European economy faces the profound challenge of meeting theambitious climate mitigation goal set out in the Paris Agreement of keeping average globalwarming to well below 2˚C.

Mapping the knowledge roadmap of low carbon building: A scientometric analysis

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English
Authors:
Ting Luo,
Yongtao Tan,
Craig Langston,
Xiaolong Xue

Due to global climate change, carbon reduction has become a critical issue for the construction industry. Low carbon building has been adopted as a strategic objective, and its implementation demonstrates the enormous potential of reducing carbon emissions. Despite much research, some important research areas or gaps have not been identified, while simultaneously, few studies describe the knowledge roadmap for low carbon building research necessary to guide scholars and practitioners.

Towards Nearly Zero Energy Buildings in Europe: A Focus on Retrofit in Non-Residential Buildings

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English
Authors:
Delia D’Agostino,
Paolo Zangheri,
Luca Castellazzi

Buildings are the focus of European (EU) policies aimed at a sustainable and competitive low-carbon economy by 2020. Reducing energy consumption of existing buildings and achieving nearly zero energy buildings (NZEBs) are the core of the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) and the recast of the Energy Performance of Building Directive (EPBD). To comply with these requirements, Member States have to adopt actions to exploit energy savings from the building sector.

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