Impact of financial assumptions on the cost optimality towards nearly zero energy buildings - a case study
Abstract
3 result(s) found
Blockchain and other DLTs hold great promise to help solve key energy challenges. The growing number of connected devices and distributed energy resources is adding further complexity to the rapidly evolving energy system. Blockchain may play an integral part in connecting consumers, electric utilities and third parties to these devices and the wider system, in a more secure, efficient, and distributed way.
The economics of energy efficiency programmes have been subject to considerable academic debate lasting well over three decades now. In this paper, we contribute to this debate by reviewing the costs and benefits of a specific type of policy+ instrument that recently gained significant traction in Europe – Energy Efficiency Obligations - EEOs. Following the introduction of the EU Energy Efficiency Directive in 2012 the number of EEOs in Europe has grown from five schemes to now 16 EEOs in operation or planned across the EU.